Eventual Consistency

Summary: A consistency guarantee where all replicas will eventually converge to the same state if no new updates are made for a certain period.

Sources: chapter5

Last updated: 2026-04-15


Eventual consistency is a common model in distributed systems, particularly those using asynchronous-replication. It prioritizes availability and low latency over strong, immediate consistency (source: chapter5, p. 161).

Characteristics

  • Replication Lag: There is typically a delay between when a write is accepted by the leader and when it’s available on all followers.
  • Convergence: All replicas are guaranteed to reach the same state eventually, but the time it takes to reach that state is not specified.
  • Read Consistency: Users might read different values from different replicas depending on the replication lag (source: chapter5).

Stronger Guarantees

While eventual consistency is common, applications often require stronger guarantees, such as: